Breeding egg-based quail species, through the sale of quail eggs is also a way to get rich, now the cost of the farming industry is becoming higher and higher, engaged in quail farming is also facing a lot of pressure, many farmers are also researching ways to improve egg production rate, hoping to increase production to obtain higher benefits. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a good growing environment for quail, to meet the nutritional needs for growth, scientific feeding, not only to achieve high yield, but also to reduce the egg ratio and feeding costs.
What are the factors that affect the egg production of quail?
1. genetics and the impact of disease: there are many artificially cultured quail, there are meat type and egg type of varieties, farmers should choose the right species according to market demand and feeding purposes. Like the meat quail of the Savimat line, the egg-laying rate is only 65%, while the egg-type varieties of Japanese quail, yellow quail, the egg-laying rate can reach 90%, Beijing white quail varieties, at the peak of egg-laying, can reach 96% to 98%. The egg-use type quail usually start laying eggs after 38-42 days, the egg production is not high in the early stage, when it reaches 50 days, the egg production rate is only 50%, when it reaches about 70 days, it enters the peak of egg production, and it can last for 12 months, the egg production rate is above 80%, after that, the egg production rate starts to drop slowly, the problem of insufficient hardness of the eggshell will appear, which will affect the product quality. 12 months Later, quail are prone to E. coli, Newcastle disease and other diseases, the disease lasts for a long time, egg production will also drop 20% to 30%, production and quality decline, during this period, to strengthen nutrition, disease prevention measures, in order to extend the egg laying period, increase production.
2. the influence of feed and drinking water: quail egg-laying rate, and nutritional supplementation is directly proportional to the comprehensive nutrition of feed, is the basic conditions to improve production. In the preparation of feed, in addition to paying attention to the proportion of various nutrients, but also pay attention to the quality of raw materials, feed stirred unevenly, can also cause quail too much of a trace element, causing poisoning. At the peak of egg laying, quail have a strong demand for various nutritional elements, the total amount of feed for one quail should be 26-30 grams a day. In the case of water shortage, the egg production rate can drop by 38%, at least 50~70ml of drinking water should be guaranteed every day, and it is best to install some drinking water in the quail house.
3. the influence of environmental factors: quail into the egg-laying period, in addition to the use of natural light, but also to provide light to supplement the light time, at least 18 hours of light a day to maintain, 40 watts of incandescent light is more appropriate, too strong light will affect the rest, resulting in quail hair loss, premature aging and other problems. If you just use the natural daylight without fill light, the egg production rate will drop by about 40%. Quail have the growth characteristics of being resistant to heat and cold, when the temperature in the shed is below 18 degrees, the egg production rate will decrease by 8%, below 10 degrees, it will decrease by 50%, and even stop laying eggs. In the summer, the basic can tolerate high temperatures, as long as it does not exceed 36 degrees, the humidity will be maintained at 50% to 60% is no problem. In a multi-layered cage environment, it is appropriate to keep a density of 65-70 quail per square meter, as the lack of space in the cage will affect the quail’s feeding and activity, and egg production will decrease. In the winter season, some farms in order to do insulation measures, closed shed measures, there is a smell of ammonia, which will also cause a decrease in egg production and cause disease.
How to increase egg production of quail
1. to avoid quail prematurity: quail generally kept 40 to 50 days after the start of production, some will be affected by nutrition and light, time will be different, in order to improve the quail egg production rate, rearing quail 25 to 30 days, it is necessary to take the way to limit feeding to prevent premature birth. An early start of production does not increase egg production, but rather affects normal development and egg quality. The onset of quail production is kept at 40-50 days by restrictive feeding. After the onset of production, the egg production rate can be counted every month to keep track of the changes in quail egg production, and if abnormal egg production is found, the potential causes should be analyzed and improved to return to the normal level. The quail feed formula and feeding amount during the egg laying period can also be adjusted according to the changes in egg production rate, and the lowest cost of feed expenditure can be used to achieve the requirements of high yield and reduce the cost of farming.
2. scientific feeding management: quail in the pre-rearing, quail will grow weaker, pick out, separate management, strengthen nutritional supplementation, growth rate to catch up as soon as possible, about a month after rearing, it is necessary to transfer herd. If we keep the quail in a consistent way without transferring, it will cause infectious diseases and affect the egg production rate. After the restricted feeding period, it is necessary to change to the normal feed for egg-laying quail, with appropriate vitamin supplementation to reduce stress and increase the egg production rate. Feeding can be done at a fixed time, 3-4 times a day, or put the feed in a trough and let quail eat freely. The recommended formula: corn 48%, soybean meal 20%, wheat bran 6%, fishmeal 10%, bone meal 4%, plus the right amount of amino acids and vitamins. It is also important to control the amount of feeding, so that there is no water break, which is even more serious than the feed break. At the peak of egg laying, quail lay more eggs in the afternoon, and eggs should be picked up 1 to 2 times a day, it is strictly forbidden to use sulfonamides, the use of these drugs will lead to a 15-25% decrease in egg production.
3. improve the utilization rate of feed: different forms of feed on quail egg production will also have an impact, farmers through experiments found that, compared with ordinary feed paste and mixes, egg production rate is higher, if the feed is paste feed, we should use a small number of times, 3 to 4 times a day, to prevent the paste feed is not eaten after the deterioration. During quail egg laying, the energy protein in the feed is very important, and increasing the ratio will help to increase the conversion rate of the feed. When the crude protein content in the feed is the same, the egg production rate of quail decreases when the metabolic power increases, but when the metabolic power is the same, the egg production rate increases when the protein content increases. It is noteworthy that the higher the crude protein content in the feed, the better. If quail are fed with feed with high crude protein limit, the egg production rate will be increased, but the egg production period of quail will be shortened and the utilization life will be reduced. Therefore, during the egg laying period, the crude protein in the feed is kept at 20% to 24%, but also add the right amount of vitamins to improve resistance.
4. take wing surgery, to prevent quail egg laying early anal prolapse: after the quail after wing breaking, in the egg laying period can improve egg production, wing breaking method is to use a hot iron, the chick quail between the joints of the wings branding broken. At the beginning of egg laying, if the egg laid is large and stimulated by the outside world, anal prolapse can occur and casualties can occur from other quail pecking, if anal prolapse is found in quail, it should be dealt with in time so as not to induce pecking in other quail. At the beginning of egg laying, quail are sensitive to the outside world and can react strongly, try to keep quiet when feeding quail.
Some precautions during quail egg laying
Some farmers buy imported varieties at high prices and use the second egg-laying period of quail through the measure of feather exchange, so that in the second year, there is no need to introduce quail. However, from the biological characteristics of quail, the egg production rate in the second year is 30% lower than in the first year, so many farms adopt the model of “clearing every year” and keep the quail in one year. The life expectancy of female quail is shorter than male quail, which is also related to egg production. The mortality rate of female quail is 5% from 16 to 60 weeks of age and 8% after 70 weeks of age. Generally, after a year of farming, after a 40 per cent drop in egg production, it is uneconomical to keep the ewes, and they are sold for meat to make room for the next batch of quail.